In this regard, the psychologist Froome proposed a formula: M=V×E。In the formula, M refers to the enthusiasm of an individual to engage in a certain activity, which is called the incentive level;V indicates people's importance and evaluation of a certain goal, which is called titer;E represents the probability that a particular action will result in a desired effect, called the expected value。

Using the "expectation theory", teachers must give students a high and reasonable expectation of themselves, that is, "What am I going to be in the future, what are my goals?"。At the same time, let them know what is expected of them by teachers, parents and society。

In addition, we should also pay attention to the appropriate breakdown of students' ambitious goals, reduce their difficulty, so as to increase the probability of students achieving step-by-step goals, so that students often get the joy of achieving goals and success after the psychological feeling and sense of achievement。

In this way, through the gradual realization of the step-by-step goal, the students' learning motivation is constantly strengthened, so that the students have a strong spiritual motivation and work hard to achieve the goal。